Evaluation the Effect of Chewing Tobacco Consumptions on Some Hematological Parameters among Sudanese Populations at Northern State, Sudan
Malaz Anwer Ahmed nor Alhod
Medical Laboratory Science, Hematology and Immunohematology, Sudan International University, Sudan.
Samar Mohamed Abdalla
Medical Laboratory Science, Hematology and Immunohematology, Sudan International University, Sudan.
Nama Siralkhatime Abdalla
Medical Laboratory Science, Hematology and Immunohematology, Sudan International University, Sudan.
Somaya Ibrahim Mohamed Ibrahim
Medical Laboratory Science, Hematology and Immunohematology, Sudan International University, Sudan.
Bakhita Khalid Osman Khalid
Medical Laboratory Science, Hematology and Immunohematology, Sudan International University, Sudan.
AL Bashir Abdeldaim Farag Elnour
Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hematology and Immunohematology, Al-Hayatt Collage University, Sudan.
Yassin Hamza Yassin Arab
Medical Laboratory Sciences, Histopathology and Cytology, Al-Neelain University, Sudan.
Muslih Haroun Elhussien Gamea *
Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hematology and Immunohematology, Sudan International University, Sudan.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Chewing tobacco (locally known as (Toombak) is widely used in Sudan, particularly in the Northern State. This case-control study aims to evaluate its impact on hematological parameters (WBCs, RBCs, Hb, and Platelets) among adult males. A total of 100 participants (50 users and 50 non-users) were included. Blood samples were analyzed using CBC analyzers, and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS. Although minor trends were observed—such as lower WBC levels among users—the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The study highlights the need for larger-scale research and more controlled variables to understand the systemic impact of chewing tobacco. These findings may inform public health strategies addressing the hematological risks of smokeless tobacco use.
Keywords: Tobacco, hematological risks, red blood cell, white blood cell