Asian Hematology Research Journal

Purpose: This case report presents a computational analysis of hemorheology in a patient diagnosed with diabetes who experienced encephalitis subsequent to pneumonitis. Hemorheology pertains to the study of blood flow characteristics and plays a critical role in comprehending and addressing various medical ailments. Employing a computational hemorheology model, the outcomes revealed noteworthy irregularities in hemorheology, which potentially contributed to the development of encephalitis following pneumonitis. Moreover, the pre-existing diabetes condition of the patient likely further complicated the hemorheological changes.

Design/Methodology: The study observed abnormal hemorheology in the patient, including alterations in red blood cell deformability, aggregation, and viscosity. The findings suggest that computational modeling of hemorheology provides valuable insights into the mechanisms behind encephalitis subsequent to pneumonitis and holds potential clinical applications in predicting and managing complications associated with these conditions.

Finding: These findings indicate that computational modeling of hemorheology offers valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of diabetes-related complications and may have significant clinical implications for predicting and managing such complications.

Future Scope: Consequently, this case report emphasizes the significance of comprehending hemorheological alterations in individuals with diabetes and underscores the potential of computational hemorheology in forecasting and addressing complications associated with this condition.

Aims: To determine the frequency of red blood cell alloantibodies among pregnant women in Jos, Nigeria.

Study Design: A cross sectional study was carried out among pregnant women accessing antenatal care.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) Jos, Nigeria from 24th April 2017 to 31st May 2017.

Methodology: We included 200 pregnant women accessing antenatal care. Data on clinical details were obtained with an Interviewer-administered questionnaire. Screening and identification of red blood cell alloantibodies were made using the DiaCells, and DiaPanels (DiaMed GmbH, Switzerland). ABO and Rh blood groups were done using antisera from Biotec (Ipswich, UK).

Results: Out of 200 participants, alloantibodies were found in 24 (12.0%) of participants and their specificities were as follows; anti-E, 9 (4.5%); anti- e, 1 (0.5%); anti-C, 6 (3.0%); anti- c, 2 (1.0%); anti- K, 2 (1.0%); anti- P, 1 (0.5%); anti- N, 1 (0.5%), while 2 (1.0%) showed a combination of antibodies of whose specificities could not be determined by the Diamed 11-panel cells. Multigravidity was identified as a risk factor for alloimmunization (P= 0.01). However, alloimmunization status was independent of previous abortions, trimester of pregnancy, and ABO blood group of the studied population.

Conclusion: Alloantibody screening and identification is should be included in routine antenatal care, especially for at-risk populations.

Aim: This study aims to explore the correlation between specific haematological inflammatory markers and varying degrees of malaria in children, utilizing blood samples from children with malaria in Jos, Nigeria.
Study Design: A cross-sectional study involving 384 clinically symptomatic and laboratory-confirmed malaria-infected children with diverse parasitemia levels. Samples were obtained from both outpatient and hospitalized cases at Jos University Teaching Hospital.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Jos University Teaching Hospital. Data collection spanned a specified duration of 14th September 2022 to 14th may, 2023.
Methodology: Malaria parasite density was determined through microscopic examination of peripheral blood films. Complete blood counts were analyzed, and predictive inflammatory biomarkers were computed.
Results: Significant correlations among haematological inflammatory markers were evident, with the following sequence of significance observed: Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio displayed the most pronounced positive correlation with malaria parasite density (r=0.683, p=0.001), followed by Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio (r=0.512, p=0.001), and Systemic immune Inflammatory Index (r=0.550, p=0.001). Eosinophil count exhibited marked significance, displaying a notably higher value in subjects with elevated malaria parasitemia compared to those exhibiting low, mild, and moderate levels (p=0.0154).
Conclusion: In conclusion, the investigation unveiled a robust relationship between malaria parasitemia and Haematological inflammatory markers, The prominence of NLR in exhibiting the strongest correlation with malaria parasite density underscores its potential as a vital biomarker for assessing malaria severity. They all offer cost-effective means to gauge malaria severity and assess inflammation in resource-limited settings. These markers also hold promise for malaria prognosis and treatment monitoring.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of haematological alterations and their diagnostic utility in malaria-infected children in Jos, Nigeria's Plateau state.

Study Design: This study is a cross-sectional study design to investigate the Red Blood Cell Indices of Children with Varying Degrees of Malaria Parasitemia in Jos, Plateau State-Nigeria.

Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in Jos University Teaching Hospital. Data collection covered a specific duration between August, 2022 to January,                       2023.

Methods: From August 2022 to January 2023, the study was conducted as a cross-sectional study at Jos University Teaching Hospital in Plateau State. A total of 384 MP positive cases were collected and used in the study, which included children who met the inclusion criteria and were diagnosed throughout the study period. All patients had full blood counts taken as well as different red blood cell indices.

Results: The Comparison between children with mild malaria parasitemia to those with low malaria parasitemia, there was a significant rise in the red blood cell count (P<.05). Children with low, moderate, and high parasitemia levels of malaria do not significantly differ in red blood cell count (P>.05). The results of this study also revealed that there is no difference between children with low, mild, moderate, and high parasitemia levels in terms of their hematocrit (P>.05). Furthermore, when compared to children with mild malaria parasitemia, the haemoglobin level in the high parasitemia group of kids was considerably lower (P<.05). The children with low, mild, moderate, and high malaria parasitemia did not exhibit any discernible change in mean corpuscular volume according to the study's findings (P>.05). Contrarily, the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration was significantly higher (P<.05) in the children with high malaria parasitemia than in the children with mild malaria parasitemia, and it was significantly higher (P<.05) in the children with moderate malaria parasitemia than in the children with mild malaria parasitemia. Comparing the RDW-CV in moderate malaria parasitemia to mild malaria parasitemia, there was a substantial reduction (P<.05) in both cases.

Conclusion: This study's main finding is that children with various densities of  malarial parasites display significant disparities in the indices of red blood cells during the infection.

Aim The aim of the study is to inform the scientific and local community on the effects of ageing on hemostatic parameters in Keffi, Nasarawa state and also improve care for the elderly.

Study Design: The study was a case-control descriptive study. The study was designed to assess the some haemostatic factors in elderly people in Keffi, Nasarawa State.

Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in Federal Medical Center Keffi, Nasarawa State-Nigeria. Data collection spanned a specific duration from November, 2022 to January, 2023.

Methodology: Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APPT), clotting time (CT), bleeding time (BT) and International normalised ratio (INR) are few of the coagulation profiles that were examined in 100 geriatrics living in Keffi, Nasarawa state, Nigeria. The age range used is from 60 and above. While 50 young adults between the age of 18 to 35 were used as control subjects. The tests for prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were carried out using CA-1500 (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan), with appropriate quality control materials and standard reagents (Dade Behring, Germany). While Lee and White method was employed for clotting time. The bleeding time (BT) was performed by Ivy's modified template method.

Results: Prothrombin time, activated partial thrombin time and international normalize ratio among geriatrics showed significant variations (p <0.05), when compared with the control subjects. In contrast, it was found that the bleeding time was longer in the control subjects than in the test participants.

Conclusion: The findings of this research suggest that ageing has a significant effect on hemostatic factors when compared to younger subjects.